General Strike in Italy on 11 October: An Important Step Forward!
Militant unions of the workers vanguard initiate successful mass protests
by the International Editorial Board, Revolutionary Communist International Tendency (RCIT), 12 October 2021, www.thecommunists.net
An important general strike took place in Italy on 11 October. It was initiated by an alliance of left-wing grassroot trade unions including CONFEDERAZIONE COBAS, COBAS SCUOLA SARDEGNA, COBAS SANITA’, CUB, SGB, UNICOBAS, ORSA, USI CIT, USB, etc. These unions are smaller than the established reformist unions like CGIL, CISL or UIL. However, while the bureaucratic leadership of the CGIL and others regularly sell out the interests of the workers, these militant grassroot unions often wage intransigent struggles.
The organizers of the general strike demanded an end of the attacks of the neoliberal Draghi government and the bosses. They called, among others, for higher wages, an end of redundancies, more public investment in schools, health and transport, for the protection migrant workers and an end of gender discrimination. [1]
According to USB, about one million workers participated in the general strike and 100,000 people joined the marches in various cities. Some 127 flights of Italy’s airline Alitalia were cancelled, the Amazon warehouse in Castel San Giovanni (Piacenza) was blocked for hours, the metro in Rome was severely affected by the strike and many roads in Rome, Milan, Naples, Genova and other cities were blocked. [2]
The workers vanguard opposes the “Green Pass”
The issue of the notorious “Green Pass” also played an important role in the mobilizations. This is a pass which the capitalist Draghi government – enjoying the enthusiastic support from the monopoly capitalists organized in Confindustria – is imposing. It makes vaccination mandatory for all workers, allows the bosses to kick out unvaccinated workers and helps the ruling class to control people’s health status.
The RCIT – like many workers – has strongly opposed the introduction of the Green Pass as well as the whole bonapartist policy of compulsory vaccination from the very beginning. [3] This is an important part of the policy of the COVID Counterrevolution which the ruling class – in close collaboration with Big Pharma – has globally waged against the working class and the oppressed peoples. [4]
While the issue of “Green Pass” was not officially part of the platform (which had already been agreed some time ago), a number of the militant unions which organized the general strike have publicly opposed this attack. In Cagliari, the local demonstration was led by a banner saying: “no fascism, no Green Pass”. Opposition against the Green Pass also played an important role at the demonstration in Turin. Likewise did the Trieste Port Workers Coordination (CLPT) emphasize their rejection of the “Green Pass”. Its spokesman Stefano Puzzer has been quoted in media: “At the moment, out of 950 port workers, 40% do not have the Green pass. On October 15th, if the green pass is mandatory, we will block the port. No one will enter. We workers are standing together.”
Some “Trotskyists” oppose not the “Green Pass” but protests against it!
Shamefully, various “Trotskyist” organizations condemn the mass opposition against the Green Pass. The leadership of the Partito Comunista dei Lavoratori (PCL) – a former associate of the Argentinean Partido Obrero (which itself is also a vocal defender of the Lockdown policy [5]) – even supports the Green Pass in principle. It writes in a statement: “The green pass is now an incentive measure for mass vaccination. It is an indisputable fact. The alternative is either opposition / indifference to mass vaccination or the obligation to vaccinate. Indifference to mass vaccination "so as not to give support to the bourgeoisie" is nonsense. (…) The green pass is today the most gradual and progressive form of vaccination extension.“ [6] Unsurprisingly, the PCL leadership also denounced those militant unions among the organizers of the general strike who oppose the Green Pass! [7]
Sinistra Anticapitalista, which organizes one part of the deeply divided Italian supporters of the “Fourth International” in the tradition of Pablo and Mandel, are not much better. Franco Turigliatto, a former Senator and a leader of this group, attacks the Draghi government not for its Green Pass policy of mandatory vaccinations. He rather denounces it as a … “No Vax” government because it does not organize an even harsher policy of mass vaccination! Unsurprisingly, similar to the PCL, he denounces the mass protests against the Green Pass as “reactionary”! [8]
These “left-wing” organization show that they are “social-bonapartist” – socialists in words but supporters of the bonapartist policy of the capitalist state in deeds.
However, the general strike on 11 October demonstrated that the workers vanguard is raising its voice more and more against the COVID Counterrevolution. This is all the more remarkable as it faces a seemingly gigantic enemy – an unholy alliance of capitalist government, nearly all parties in parliament, the bosses’ federation Confindustria as well as all factions of the trade union bureaucracy!
The RCIT calls all socialists – in Italy and globally – to join the struggle against the Green Pass and against the COVID Counterrevolution!
[1] See e.g. https://www.iclcit.org/italy-18-october-2021-grassroot-unions-strike-in-italy/; https://www.iclcit.org/general-strike-in-italy-new-date-and-follow-up-assembly/; https://www.italy24news.com/News/202049.html
[2] For report see e.g. https://www.thelocal.it/20211011/transport-disruption-and-over-100-flights-cancelled-in-italy-due-to-strikes/; https://newsfounded.com/italyeng/general-strike-marched-across-italy-the-protest-from-rome-to-milan-and-turin-nearly-1000-cobas-blocked-the-amazon-warehouse-in-piacenza/, https://www.italy24news.com/News/219134.html
[3] See on this e.g. the RCIT Manifesto: “Green Pass” & Compulsory Vaccinations: A New Stage in the COVID Counterrevolution. Down with the chauvinist-bonapartist police & surveillance state – defend democratic rights! No to health policy in the service of the capitalist monopolies – expand the public health sector under workers and popular control! 29 July 2021, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/green-pass-compulsory-vaccinations-a-new-stage-in-the-covid-counterrevolution/
[4] The RCIT has analysed the COVID-19 counterrevolution extensively since its beginning. Starting from 2 February 2020 we have published nearly 90 pamphlets, essays, articles and statements plus a book which are all compiled at a special sub-page on our website: https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/collection-of-articles-on-the-2019-corona-virus/. In particular we refer readers to the RCIT Manifesto: COVID-19: A Cover for a Major Global Counterrevolutionary Offensive. We are at a turning point in the world situation as the ruling classes provoke a war-like atmosphere in order to legitimize the build-up of chauvinist state-bonapartist regimes, 21 March 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/covid-19-a-cover-for-a-major-global-counterrevolutionary-offensive/. See also a new RCIT Manifesto: “Green Pass” & Compulsory Vaccinations: A New Stage in the COVID Counterrevolution. Down with the chauvinist-bonapartist police & surveillance state – defend democratic rights! No to health policy in the service of the capitalist monopolies – expand the public health sector under workers and popular control! 29 July 2021, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/green-pass-compulsory-vaccinations-a-new-stage-in-the-covid-counterrevolution/; In addition, we draw attention to our book by Michael Pröbsting: The COVID-19 Global Counterrevolution: What It Is and How to Fight It. A Marxist analysis and strategy for the revolutionary struggle, RCIT Books, April 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/the-covid-19-global-counterrevolution/. See also our very first article on this issue by Almedina Gunić: Coronavirus: "I am not a Virus"... but WE will be the Cure! The chauvinist campaign behind the “Wuhan Coronavirus” hysteria and the revolutionary answer, 2 February 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/wuhan-virus/; Michael Pröbsting: The Second Wave of the COVID-19 Counterrevolution. On the ruling class strategy in the current conjuncture, its inner contradictions and the perspectives of the workers and popular resistance, 20 July 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/the-second-wave-of-the-covid-19-counterrevolution/; by the same author: The Police and Surveillance State in the Post-Lockdown Phase. A global review of the ruling class’s plans of expanding the bonapartist state machinery amidst the COVID-19 crisis, 21 May 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/police-and-surveillance-state-in-post-lockdown-phase/; COVID-19: The Great Barrington Declaration is indeed Great! Numerous medical scientists protest against the reactionary lockdown policy, 11 October 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/covid-19-the-great-barrington-declaration-is-indeed-great/; Michael Pröbsting: COVID-19: The Current and Historical Roots of Bourgeois Lockdown “Socialism”. Police State and Universal Basic Income are key elements of the new version of reformist “War Socialism” of 1914, 19 December 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/theory/covid-19-the-current-and-historical-roots-of-bourgeois-lockdown-socialism/. See also a number of Spanish-language articles of our Argentinean comrades: Juan Giglio: La izquierda de la "Big Pharma", dejó de defender las libertades, 1.10.2021, https://convergenciadecombate.blogspot.com/2021/10/la-izquierda-de-la-big-pharma-dejo-de.html; Juan Giglio: ¿Por qué la izquierda no cuestiona las políticas de la OMS? 8.9.2021, https://convergenciadecombate.blogspot.com/2021/09/por-que-la-izquierda-no-cuestiona-las.html
[5] See on this e.g. Michael Pröbsting: Social-Bonapartism in Argentina. The Partido Obrero (Tendencia) of Jorge Altamira supports the State of Emergency, 29 April 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/latin-america/social-bonapartism-in-argentina/; see also Claudio Colombo: Altamira, con Gerardo Morales y contra los Chalecos Amarillos, agosto 07, 2021, https://convergenciadecombate.blogspot.com/2021/08/altamira-con-gerardo-morales-y-contra.html
[6] PCL: Il nostro dissenso sul No Green Pass, 26 Settembre 2021 https://www.pclavoratori.it/files/index.php?obj=NEWS&oid=7060
[7] PCL: Verso lo sciopero generale dell'11 ottobre, 9 Ottobre 2021, https://www.pclavoratori.it/files/index.php?obj=NEWS&oid=7070
[8] Franco Turigliatto: Health crisis continues in Italy, reactionaries on the offensive, International Viewpoint, 21 September 2021 https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article7318
Huelga general en Italia: la vanguardia obrera contra del Pase Sanitario
Publicado por Corriente Comunista Revolucionaria Internacional, octubre 12, 2021, www.thecommunists.net
Una importante huelga general tuvo lugar en Italia el 11 de octubre. Fue iniciado por una alianza de sindicatos de base de izquierda, incluidos CONFEDERAZIONE COBAS, COBAS SCUOLA SARDEGNA, COBAS SANITA ', CUB, SGB, UNICOBAS, ORSA, USI CIT, USB, etc. Estos sindicatos son más pequeños que los sindicatos reformistas establecidos como CGIL, CISL o UIL. Sin embargo, mientras que el liderazgo burocrático de la CGIL y otros venden regularmente los intereses de los trabajadores, estos gremios de base a menudo libran luchas intransigentes.
Los organizadores de la huelga general exigieron el fin de los ataques del gobierno neoliberal Draghi y los patrones. Pidieron, entre otros, salarios más altos, el fin de los despidos, más inversión pública en escuelas, salud y transporte, para la protección de los trabajadores migrantes y el fin de la discriminación de género. [1]
Según USB, cerca de un millón de trabajadores participaron en la huelga general y 100.000 personas se unieron a las marchas en varias ciudades. Unos 127 vuelos de la aerolínea italiana Alitalia fueron cancelados, el almacén de Amazon en Castel San Giovanni (Piacenza) estuvo bloqueado durante horas, el metro de Roma se vio gravemente afectado por la huelga y muchas carreteras en Roma, Milán, Nápoles, Génova y otras ciudades. obstruido. [2]
La vanguardia obrera se opone al "Pase Verde"
El tema del notorio “Pase Verde” también jugó un papel importante en las movilizaciones. Este es un pase que el gobierno capitalista de Draghi, que goza del apoyo entusiasta de los capitalistas monopolistas organizados en Confindustria, está imponiendo. Hace que la vacunación sea obligatoria para todos los trabajadores, permite a los patrones expulsar a los trabajadores no vacunados y ayuda a la clase dominante a controlar el estado de salud de las personas.
La CCRI, como muchos trabajadores, se ha opuesto firmemente a la introducción del Pase Verde, así como a toda la política bonapartista de vacunación obligatoria desde el principio. [3] Esta es una parte importante de la política de la Contrarrevolución de COVID que la clase dominante, en estrecha colaboración con las grandes farmacéuticas, ha emprendido globalmente contra la clase trabajadora y los pueblos oprimidos. [4]
Si bien el tema del “Pase Verde” no formaba parte oficialmente de la plataforma (que ya se había acordado hace algún tiempo), varios sindicatos militantes que organizaron la huelga general se han opuesto públicamente a este ataque. En Cagliari, la manifestación local estuvo encabezada por una pancarta que decía: "Sin fascismo, no hay Pase Verde".
La oposición al Green Pass también jugó un papel importante en la manifestación de Turín. Asimismo, la Coordinación de Trabajadores del Puerto de Trieste (CLPT) enfatizó su rechazo al “Pase Verde”. Su portavoz Stefano Puzzer ha sido citado en medios: “En este momento, de 950 trabajadores portuarios, el 40% no tiene el pase Verde. El 15 de octubre, si el pase verde es obligatorio, bloquearemos el puerto. Nadie entrará. Los trabajadores estamos unidos ”.
¡Algunos “trotskistas” no se oponen al “Pase Verde”, sino que protestan contra él!
Vergonzosamente, varias organizaciones “trotskistas” condenan la oposición de masas contra el Pase Verde. La dirección del Partito Comunista dei Lavoratori (PCL) - un ex asociado del Partido Obrero argentino (que a su vez es también un defensor vocal de la política de cuarentenas [5]) - incluso apoya en principio el Pase Verde. Escribe en un comunicado: “El pase verde es ahora una medida de incentivo para la vacunación masiva. Es un hecho indiscutible. La alternativa es la oposición / indiferencia a la vacunación masiva o la obligación de vacunar. La indiferencia ante la vacunación masiva "para no dar apoyo a la burguesía" es una tontería. (…) El pase verde es hoy la forma más gradual y progresiva de extensión de la vacunación.” [6]
¡Como era de esperar, la dirección del PCL también denunció a los sindicatos militantes entre los organizadores de la huelga general que se oponen al Pase Verde! [7]
Sinistra Anticapitalista, que organiza una parte de los partidarios italianos profundamente divididos de la “Cuarta Internacional” en la tradición de Pablo y Mandel, no es mucho mejor. Franco Turigliatto, ex senador y líder de este grupo, ataca al gobierno de Draghi no por su política de Pase Verde de vacunación obligatoria. Más bien lo denuncia como un gobierno “No Vax” porque ¡no organiza una política aún más dura de vacunación masiva! Como era de esperar, al igual que el PCL, ¡denuncia las protestas masivas contra el Pase Verde como “reaccionarias”! [8]
Estas organizaciones de “izquierda” muestran que son “social-bonapartistas”: socialistas en palabras pero partidarios de la política bonapartista del estado capitalista en los hechos. Sin embargo, la huelga general del 11 de octubre demostró que la vanguardia obrera alza cada vez más la voz contra la Contrarrevolución del COVID.
Esto es aún más notable cuando se enfrenta a un enemigo aparentemente gigantesco: ¡una alianza impía del gobierno capitalista, casi todos los partidos en el parlamento, la federación patronal Confindustria, así como todas las facciones de la burocracia sindical! ¡La CCRI llama a todos los socialistas, en Italia y en todo el mundo, a unirse a la lucha contra el Pase Verde y contra la política de ataque a los derechos obreros y populares, que hemos denominado Contrarrevolución COVID, ya que los de arriba utilizan al virus para imponer sus tácticas bonapartistas o directamente dictatoriales!
[1] https://www.iclcit.org/italy-18-october-2021-grassroot-unions-strike-in-italy/; https://www.iclcit.org/general-strike-in-italy-new-date-and-follow-up-assembly/; https://www.italy24news.com/News/202049.html
[2] https://www.thelocal.it/20211011/transport-disruption-and-over-100-flights-cancelled-in-italy-due-to-strikes/; https://newsfounded.com/italyeng/general-strike-marched-across-italy-the-protest-from-rome-to-milan-and-turin-nearly-1000-cobas-blocked-the-amazon-warehouse-in-piacenza/, https://www.italy24news.com/News/219134.html
[3] Manifiesto de la CCRI: "Green Pass" y vacunas obligatorias: una nueva etapa en la contrarrevolución de COVID. Abajo la policía chovinista-bonapartista y el estado de vigilancia: ¡Defendamos los derechos democráticos! No a la política de salud al servicio de los monopolios capitalistas: ¡Financiar y expandir el sector de la salud pública bajo el control obrero y popular! 29 de julio de 2021, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/green-pass-compulsory-vaccinations-a-new-stage-in-the-covid-counterrevolution/#anker_1
[5] Michael Pröbsting: Social-Bonapartism in Argentina. The Partido Obrero (Tendencia) of Jorge Altamira supports the State of Emergency, 29 April 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/latin-america/social-bonapartism-in-argentina/; Claudio Colombo: Altamira, con Gerardo Morales y contra los Chalecos Amarillos, agosto 07, 2021, https://convergenciadecombate.blogspot.com/2021/08/altamira-con-gerardo-morales-y-contra.html
[6] PCL: Il nostro dissenso sul No Green Pass, 26 Settembre 2021 https://www.pclavoratori.it/files/index.php?obj=NEWS&oid=7060
[7] PCL: Verso lo sciopero generale dell'11 ottobre, 9 Ottobre 2021, https://www.pclavoratori.it/files/index.php?obj=NEWS&oid=7070
[8] Franco Turigliatto: Health crisis continues in Italy, reactionaries on the offensive, International Viewpoint, 21 September 2021 https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article7318
10월 11일 이탈리아 총파업: 중요한 일보전진!
전투적 선봉 노조들, “백신패스 반대, 아파르트헤이트 반대!”
혁명적 공산주의인터내셔널 동맹 (RCIT) 국제편집위원회, 2021년 10월 12일, www.thecommunists.net
10월 11일 이탈리아에서 있은 전국 규모의 총파업이 현 시기 정세의 주요 지점들을 보여주고 있다. 총파업을 조직하고 주도한 것은 이탈리아 노총 격인 노동총연맹(CGIL)이나 금속·공공 등의 전통적 산별노조가 아니라, 비정규직 노조 중심의 각 지역 일반노조 연합 (대표적으로 CONFEDERAZIONE COBAS, USB 등)이었다. 이들 좌파 기층 노조들은 노동총연맹 같은 기존 개량주의 노조보다는 규모가 작지만, 노사협조주의로 노동자의 이익을 정기적으로 자본에 팔아넘기는 기존 노조의 관료 지도부와는 달리 그 동안 줄곧 비타협적인 투쟁을 벌여왔다.
총파업 요구는 정부와 자본의 신자유주의 공격 분쇄를 중심으로 구조조정·해고 금지, 임금인상, 이주노동자 보호, 성차별 금지, 학교·보건·운송에 대한 공공투자 확충 등과 함께 “백신 패스” 반대가 주요하게 제기됐다.[1]
USB (‘풀뿌리노조연합’)에 따르면, 약 100만 명의 노동자가 총파업에 참가했고, 10만 명이 여러 도시 시가행진에 나섰다. 알리탈리아 항공 127편이 결항되고, 아마존 창고가 조합원들이 막아서서 봉쇄됐으며, 로마 지하철도 비정규직 노동자들의 파업 영향으로 운행이 마비된 데다 로마, 밀라노, 나폴리, 제노바를 비롯한 그 밖의 도시들의 많은 도로들이 봉쇄됐다.[2]
총파업 선봉 노동자들이 "백신패스"에 반대하다
총파업 조직에 "그린 패스" 반대도 중요한 기치가 됐다. 그린 패스는 이탈리아 경총 격인 공업연합(Confindustria)의 독점자본가들로부터 열렬한 지지를 받고 있는 드라기 자본가 정부가 인민에게 들씌운 백신통행증이다. 이 백신여권은 모든 노동자에 대해 백신 접종을 의무화하고, 경영주가 백신 접종을 받지 않은 노동자들을 해고할 수 있도록 하여 지배계급이 노동자·민중의 건강 상태를 통제하도록 돕는 기능을 한다.
RCIT도 많은 노동자들과 함께 처음부터 백신접종 의무화와 백신패스 도입을 비롯해 국가 보나파르트주주의 정책 전반에 강하게 반대해왔다.[3] 이는 지배계급이 제약대기업과의 긴밀한 협력 속에서 전 세계적으로 노동자계급 · 피억압인민을 상대로 벌여온 코로나 반혁명 공세의 중요한 일부다.[4]
백신패스 문제가 총파업 공식 요구안에는 포함되지 않았지만, 총파업을 조직한 다수의 전투적 노조들은 이 방역을 핑계로 한 공격에 공개적으로 반대해 왔다. 칼리아리에서는 시위 대열 선두에 “파시즘 반대, 백신패스 반대” 플래카드를 걸었다. 토리노의 시위에서도 백신패스 반대가 주요 구호였다. 또 트리에스테 항만노동자평의회 (CLPT)의 연합시위에서도 "백신패스 거부" 기치를 앞장 세웠다. 항만노동자평의회 대변인 스테파노 풋처는 언론에 이렇게 밝혔다. "현재, 950명의 항만노동자 중 40%가 백신패스가 없습니다. 10월 15일에 백신패스가 의무화되면, 우리는 항구를 봉쇄할 것입니다. 아무도 못 들어올 것입니다. 우리 노동자들이 어깨 걸고 서 있을 것입니다.” 그는 또 파업이 트리에스테로 국한되지 않을 것이며, 제노아를 비롯해 “거의 모든 이탈리아 항구가 멈출 것”이라고 말했다.[5]
항만노동자들이 백신패스에 반대하는 투쟁에서 선봉 역할을 하고 있다. 이탈리아 언론은 항만노동자 시위에서 내건 “백신패스 반대, 아파르트헤이트 반대” 깃발과 현수막 사진들을 게시했는데, 이 구호는 백신패스 정책에 대한 아주 정확한 성격규정이다.
백신패스에 반대하지 못하고, 오히려 백신패스 반대시위에 반대하는 “좌파” 조직들
수치스럽게도 이탈리아뿐만 아니라 전 세계의 상당수 “좌파” 조직들이 백신패스에 반대하는 대중시위를, “음모론을 내세워 방역조치에 협조하지 않는 무정부주의”라며 비난하고 있다. 한 예로 이탈리아 노동자공산당(PCL)은 아예 원칙으로 백신패스를 지지하며, 성명을 통해 이렇게 말하고 있다. “현재 백신패스는 집단 예방접종을 위한 인센티브 조치다. 그것은 의심할 여지가 없는 사실이다. 대안은 집단 백신접종이나 백신접종 의무화에 대한 반대도, 무관심도 아니다. ‘부르주아지에게 지지를 주지 않기 위한’ 백신접종 무관심은 넌센스다.... 백신패스는 오늘날 가장 점진적이고 진보적인 형태의 예방접종 연장이다.”[6] PCL 지도부도 백신패스에 반대하는 전투적 노조들의 총파업을 비난했다.[7]
백신패스에 반대하지 않고, 오히려 백신패스 도입에 반대하는 항의시위를 비난하는 이들 "좌파" 조직은 자신들이 "사회-보나파르트주의자"임을 보여준다. 즉 말로는 사회주의자이지만 행동으로는 자본가 국가의 보나파르트주의 정책 지지자들이다.
그러나 10월 11일 총파업은 노동자 선봉대가 코로나 반혁명에 대항하는 목소리를 점점 더 높여가고 있음을 보여주었다. 이 노동자 전위대의 투쟁이 더더욱 주목받을 만한 이유는 거대한 적을 마주하고 싸우고 있기 때문이다. 즉 자본가 정부, 의회의 거의 모든 당들, 경총의 대자본가들, 그리고 노조관료 모든 파벌, 이 모든 적들의 ‘신성’동맹에 직면해 있기 때문이다.
RCIT는 이탈리아와 전 세계의 모든 사회주의자들에게 백신패스를 비롯한 지배계급의 코로나 반동 공세에 대항하는 투쟁에 함께 할 것을 촉구한다!
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[1] 다음을 보라. https://www.iclcit.org/italy-18-october-2021-grassroot-unions-strike-in-italy/; https://www.iclcit.org/general-strike-in-italy-new-date-and-follow-up-assembly/; https://www.italy24news.com/News/202049.html
[2] 다음 보도를 보라. https://www.thelocal.it/20211011/transport-disruption-and-over-100-flights-cancelled-in-italy-due-to-strikes/; https://newsfounded.com/italyeng/general-strike-marched-across-italy-the-protest-from-rome-to-milan-and-turin-nearly-1000-cobas-blocked-the-amazon-warehouse-in-piacenza/, https://www.italy24news.com/News/219134.html
[3] 이에 대해서는 다음을 보라. RCIT Manifesto: “Green Pass” & Compulsory Vaccinations: A New Stage in the COVID Counterrevolution. Down with the chauvinist-bonapartist police & surveillance state – defend democratic rights! No to health policy in the service of the capitalist monopolies – expand the public health sector under workers and popular control! 29 July 2021, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/green-pass-compulsory-vaccinations-a-new-stage-in-the-covid-counterrevolution/ [<“백신여권” & 백신접종 의무화: 코로나 반혁명의 새로운 단계> https://www.thecommunists.net/.../green-pass.../...]
[4] RCIT는 코로나19 반혁명을 그 시작 이래로 광범위에 걸쳐 분석해 왔다. 2020년 2월 2일부터 우리는 90편의 소책자와 논문, 기사, 성명에 단행본 책까지 발표했다. 이 모든 것을 다음의 우리 웹사이트 별도 하위 페이지에 모아놓았다. https://www.thecommunists.net/.../collection-of-articles.../. 특히 다음을 보라. RCIT Manifesto: COVID-19: A Cover for a Major Global Counterrevolutionary Offensive. We are at a turning point in the world situation as the ruling classes provoke a war-like atmosphere in order to legitimize the build-up of chauvinist state-bonapartist regimes, 21 March 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../covid-19-a-cover-for-a.../. [<코로나19: 글로벌 반혁명 공세를 가리는 덮개> https://www.thecommunists.net/.../covid-19-cover-for.../] 다음의 RCIT 2차 시국선언도 보라. Manifesto: “Green Pass” & Compulsory Vaccinations: A New Stage in the COVID Counterrevolution. Down with the chauvinist-bonapartist police & surveillance state – defend democratic rights! No to health policy in the service of the capitalist monopolies – expand the public health sector under workers and popular control! 29 July 2021, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../green-pass-compulsory.../ [<“백신여권” & 백신접종 의무화: 코로나 반혁명의 새로운 단계> https://www.thecommunists.net/.../green-pass.../...]; 다음도 보라. Michael Pröbsting: The COVID-19 Global Counterrevolution: What It Is and How to Fight It. A Marxist analysis and strategy for the revolutionary struggle, RCIT Books, April 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../the-covid-19-global.../. [<<코로나19 글로벌 반혁명>> https://www.thecommunists.net/.../book-the-covid-19.../] 이 문제에 대한 다음 우리의 첫 기사도 보라. Almedina Gunić: Coronavirus: "I am not a Virus"... but WE will be the Cure! The chauvinist campaign behind the “Wuhan Coronavirus” hysteria and the revolutionary answer, 2 February 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/worldwide/global/wuhan-virus/ [<코로나바이러스: “우한 바이러스”히스테리 뒤에 숨은 배외주의 캠페인> https://www.thecommunists.net/.../%ED%95%9C.../wuhan-virus/]; Michael Pröbsting: The Second Wave of the COVID-19 Counterrevolution. On the ruling class strategy in the current conjuncture, its inner contradictions and the perspectives of the workers and popular resistance, 20 July 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../the-second-wave-of-the.../; 같은 저자: The Police and Surveillance State in the Post-Lockdown Phase. A global review of the ruling class’s plans of expanding the bonapartist state machinery amidst the COVID-19 crisis, 21 May 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../police-and.../; COVID-19: The Great Barrington Declaration is indeed Great! Numerous medical scientists protest against the reactionary lockdown policy, 11 October 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../covid-19-the-great.../; Michael Pröbsting: COVID-19: The Current and Historical Roots of Bourgeois Lockdown “Socialism”. Police State and Universal Basic Income are key elements of the new version of reformist “War Socialism” of 1914, 19 December 2020, https://www.thecommunists.net/.../covid-19-the-current.../. RCIT 아르헨티나 동지들의 다음 스페인어 기사들도 보라. Juan Giglio: La izquierda de la "Big Pharma", dejó de defender las libertades, 1.10.2021, https://convergenciadecombate.blogspot.com/.../la...; Juan Giglio: ¿Por qué la izquierda no cuestiona las políticas de la OMS? 8.9.2021, https://convergenciadecombate.blogspot.com/.../por-que-la...
[5] 항만노동자 파업에 관한 보도로는, 다음을 보라. ANSA: Dockers threaten huge disruption over Green Pass, 13 October 2021, https://www.ansa.it/english/news/business/2021/10/13/dockers-threaten-huge-disruption-over-green-pass_f699d52a-b8ca-4705-8666-a314edca9cc0.html; Trieste dockers lead revolt against Italy's Green Pass, 13 Oct, 2021 https://www.wantedinrome.com/news/trieste-dockers-lead-revolt-against-italys-green-pass.html; Green pass, tension between the dockers: risk of blocking in Trieste and Genoa, 13.10.2021, https://www.tellerreport.com/news/2021-10-13-green-pass—tension-between-the-dockers—risk-of-blocking-in-trieste-and-genoa.ryIzL0zESF.html
[6] PCL: Il nostro dissenso sul No Green Pass, 26 Settembre 2021 https://www.pclavoratori.it/files/index.php?obj=NEWS&oid=7060
[7] PCL: Verso lo sciopero generale dell'11 ottobre, 9 Ottobre 2021, https://www.pclavoratori.it/files/index.php?obj=NEWS&oid=7070